by Classification of Bricks in Civil Engineering
In civil engineering, bricks are one of the most essential materials used for construction. They have been used for centuries and continue to be a popular choice due to their durability, strength, and versatility. However, not all bricks are the same, and they can be classified based on various factors such as composition, manufacturing method, and appearance. Understanding the different classification of bricks in civil engineering is crucial for choosing the right type of brick for a specific construction project.
Composition-based Classification
One of the primary ways to classify bricks is based on their composition. Bricks can be broadly categorized into five types:
1. Clay Bricks
These are the most common type of bricks and are made from clay, which is molded and fired in a kiln. They are known for their high strength, durability, and excellent thermal insulation properties. Clay bricks are available in various sizes and colors, making them suitable for a wide range of applications.
2. Concrete Bricks
As the name suggests, these bricks are made from a mixture of cement, sand, and coarse aggregates. They are manufactured using a hydraulic press or vibrating table and are known for their strength and load-bearing capacity. Concrete bricks are commonly used for structural purposes in buildings and other construction projects.
3. Fly Ash Bricks
These bricks are made from a combination of fly ash, lime, gypsum, and sand. Fly ash is a byproduct of coal-fired power plants and is a sustainable alternative to traditional clay or concrete bricks. Fly ash bricks are lightweight, have excellent thermal insulation properties, and are resistant to water penetration.
4. Fire Bricks
Fire bricks are specially designed to withstand high temperatures and are used in applications where heat resistance is essential. They are made from refractory ceramic materials and have a low thermal conductivity. Fire bricks are commonly used in furnaces, kilns, fireplaces, and industrial chimneys.
5. Engineering Bricks
These bricks are manufactured to meet specific engineering requirements. They are characterized by their high compressive strength, low water absorption, and resistance to frost and chemicals. Engineering bricks are commonly used in civil engineering projects such as tunnels, bridges, and retaining walls.
Manufacturing-based Classification
In addition to the composition-based classification, bricks can also be classified based on their manufacturing method. The two main manufacturing methods are:
1. Extruded Bricks
These bricks are made by forcing a clay or concrete mixture through a die to create a specific shape. Extruded bricks are commonly used for facing and paving purposes due to their uniform size and shape.
2. Molded Bricks
Molded bricks are made by pouring a clay or concrete mixture into a mold and allowing it to dry and harden. This method allows for more intricate shapes and designs. Molded bricks are commonly used for decorative purposes and can be customized to meet specific architectural requirements.
Appearance-based Classification
Bricks can also be classified based on their appearance, which is an important consideration for aesthetic purposes. Some common appearance-based classifications include:
1. Common Bricks
These bricks have a basic and simple appearance and are commonly used for general construction purposes. They are usually red or brown in color.
2. Facing Bricks
Facing bricks are designed to be used on the outer face of a wall and are chosen for their aesthetic appeal. They come in a variety of colors, textures, and finishes.
3. Glazed Bricks
Glazed bricks are coated with a layer of glaze, which gives them a smooth and glossy finish. They are often used for decorative purposes and can add a touch of elegance to any structure.
Conclusion
Bricks play a crucial role in civil engineering and understanding their classification is essential for choosing the right type of brick for a construction project. Whether it’s clay bricks for their durability, concrete bricks for their strength, or fire bricks for their heat resistance, each type of brick has its own unique properties and advantages. By considering factors such as composition, manufacturing method, and appearance, civil engineers can make informed decisions and ensure the success of their construction projects.
Also Read
Common Defects in Brick Work Used to Build a House.
Types of Bricks Used to Build a House.
Types of Brick Work in Civil Engineering.
Purpose of a Plinth in a Building
FAQs on Classification of Bricks
What are the classification of bricks?
In the field of civil engineering, bricks are classified based on various factors such as their composition, manufacturing process, and intended use. The classification of bricks helps in understanding their properties and selecting the right type of brick for a specific construction project.
What are the different types of engineering bricks?
Engineering bricks are a special type of bricks that are used in applications where strength and durability are of utmost importance. They are classified into three categories:
- Class A Engineering Bricks: These bricks have high compressive strength and low water absorption. They are suitable for use in areas where resistance to frost and chemicals is required.
- Class B Engineering Bricks: These bricks have slightly lower compressive strength compared to Class A bricks. They are commonly used in non-load bearing walls and facades.
- Class C Engineering Bricks: These bricks have lower compressive strength and higher water absorption compared to Class A and B bricks. They are used in areas where aesthetics are more important than strength.
How are bricks classified as per BIS 1077?
BIS 1077 is the Indian standard for classification of bricks. As per this standard, bricks are classified into the following categories:
- First Class Bricks: These bricks have high compressive strength and low water absorption. They are suitable for use in load-bearing walls and structures.
- Second Class Bricks: These bricks have moderate compressive strength and water absorption. They are commonly used in non-load bearing walls and facades.
- Third Class Bricks: These bricks have low compressive strength and high water absorption. They are used in areas where aesthetics are more important than strength.
What is brick in civil engineering?
In civil engineering, a brick is a rectangular block made of clay, shale, or other similar materials. Bricks are one of the oldest and most commonly used building materials. They are used in the construction of walls, pavements, and other structures.
